Astronomical calibration of the Matuyama-Brunhes boundary: Consequences for magnetic remanence acquisition in marine carbonates and the Asian loess sequences   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

L. Tauxe  T. Herbert  N.J. Shackleton  Y.S. Kok 《Earth and Planetary Science Letters》1996,140(1-4):133-146

We have compiled 19 records from marine carbonate cores in which the Matuyama-Brunhes boundary (MBB) has been reasonably well constrained within the astronomically forced stratigraphic framework using oxygen isotopes. By correlation of the δ¹⁸O data to a timescale based on astronomical forcing, we estimate astronomical ages for each of the MBB horizons. In all but one record the MBB occurs within Stage 19.

Most magnetostratigraphic sections in Asian Loess place the MBB within a loess interval. Since loess deposition is presumed to be associated with glacial intervals, loess horizons should correspond to even-numbered oxygen isotope stages. A glacial age for the MBB is at odds with the results presented here, which firmly place the MBB within interglacial Stage 19. Inconsistency among the many loess sections and between the loess and the marine records suggests that the magnetic interpretation of loess sections may be more complicated than hitherto supposed.

The mean of the Stage 19 age estimates for the MBB is 777.9 ± 1.8 (N = 18). Inclusion of the single Stage 20 age results in a mean of 778.8 ± 2.5 (N = 19). The astronomical age estimate of the MBB compares favorably with an (unweighted) mean of 778.2 ± 3.5 (N = 10) from a compilation of ⁴⁰Ar/39^Ar results of transitional lava flows. Combining the two independent data sets yields a grand mean of 778.0 ± 1.7 (N = 28).

The new compilation shows virtually no trend in placement of the MBB within isotope Stage 19 as a function of sediment accumulation rate. We interpret this to mean that the average depth of remanence acquisition is within a few centimeters of the sediment-water interface.

Separating the cores into two geographic regions (an Indo-Pacific-Caribbean [IPC] Group and an Atlantic Group) results in a significant difference in the position of the mid-point of the reversal with respect to the astronomical time scale. The data presented here suggest a difference of several thousand years between the two regions. This observation could be caused by systematic differences between the two regions in sedimentation rate within the interval of interest, systematic differences in remanence acquisition, or by genuine differences in the timing of the directional changes between the two regions.  相似文献   

高分辨率地震技术探测采空区研究——以贾汪煤矿区为例   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

刘建华  彭向峰  孙智峰 《高校地质学报》1996,(4)

高分辨率地震技术可广泛用于工程物探。本文主要利用高分辨率地震勘探探测采空区的位置和范围，为建筑物地基稳定性的评价提供可靠的依据；同时，从理论分析和野外试验两方面探讨了高分辨地震技术的野外数据采集、资料处理和资料解释，并简单介绍了在贾汪矿区的应用效果。研究结果表明，高分辨率地震技术能查明建筑场地内的采空区  相似文献   

Hypotheses for earthquake occurrences     

Naveen  P. S. Moharir  V. K. Gaur 《Journal of Earth System Science》1983,92(3):261-281

Very little work has been done in generating alternatives to the Poisson process model. The work reported here deals with alternatives to the Poisson process model for the earthquakes and checks them using empirical data and the statistical hypothesis testing apparatus. The strategy used here for generating hypotheses is to compound the Poisson process. The parameter of the Poisson process is replaced by a random variable having prescribed density function. The density functions used are gamma, chi and extended (gamma/chi). The original distribution is then averaged out with respect to these density functions. For the compound Poisson processes the waiting time distributions for the future events are derived. As the parameters for the various statistical models for earthquake occurrences are not known, the problem is basically of composite hypothesis testing. One way of designing a test is to estimate these parameters and use them as true values. Momentmatching is used here to estimate the parameters. The results of hypothesis testing using data from Hindukush and North East India are presented.  相似文献   

Predicting ground-motion variations at the Turkey-flat test site,California     

J. Zahradník  J. Jech  V. Barták 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》1991,137(1-2):63-84

Results of a single group participating in an international experiment are analyzed. The experiment served to verify computational predictions of the ground-motion variations due to near-surface geological effects at a site established for that purpose by the California Department of Conservation. Based on an acceleration record at a rock location, and geotechnical model of medium, records at the other locations of a nearby sedimentary deposit were predicted. A 2-D finite-difference sensitivity analysis suggested that the lateral wave-propagation effects are negligibly small, and locally 1-D computations are sufficient for the present site. Those computations are compared with observations not available to the authors during the blind prediction. Peak accelerations, peak velocities and RMS accelerations were predicted with errors less than 159%, 114% and 62%, respectively. Maxima of the response spectra were fitted within a factor of 2. The predicted and observed Husid's plots (i.e., the normalized cumulative plots of the acceleration squared) have the correlation coefficients 0.98. The detected misfits do not show any simple relation to the instrument location, component, frequency, or time.  相似文献   

时序分析在危岩体监测数据处理中的应用     

陈德豪  丁窘辋 《武汉大学学报(信息科学版)》1994,(3)

引入时间序列分析进行危岩体监测数据的处理，建立了危岩体变形的动态模型，取得了较好的拟会与预报精度。  相似文献   

南极洲乔治王岛柯林斯冰帽小冰穹顶冰芯数学模式初步断代          下载免费PDF全文

张万昌  韩建康 《极地研究》1994,6(3):28-35

冰芯钻取后，样品截取原则和环境记录的初步解释要求对年代－深度剖面有一初步了解，即要求建立冰体随深度变化的时间尺度。根据柯林斯冰帽一年多野外实测资料所揭示的小冰穹运动状况、温度分布、物质平衡和动力学特征，本文采用Ｄａｎｓｇａｒｒｄ－Ｊｏｈｎｓｅｎ模型和等温冰体流动模型（ｎ＝３），分别对一支８０．２ｍ冰芯的时间尺度进行初步估算。结果表明两种模型断代结果非常接近，在距冰床１０ｍ深度处，两模型分别给出１８９７年和１８５４年的冰龄。对比指出两种模型计算出的冰帽各深度冰龄最大误差不大于２％。与冰芯中上部含深褐色火山灰冰层的历史记录年代相比误差小于３％。  相似文献   

东伙房金矿床成矿构造条件及成矿时代讨论   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

赵存祥 《内蒙古地质》1994,(Z1)

东伙房金矿床从空间和时间看，固阳～察右中旗韧脆性变形带控矿是间接的，而其变形带附近有成生联系的破裂带控矿则是直接的。固阳～察右中旗变形带及容矿断裂经历了多期变形历史，具有从韧性～脆性变形的全过程。但同成矿期活动明显地表现为脆性破裂。这种浅层次的破裂系统为金矿热液在由深部向上运移过程中，温压条件的改变和金矿的沉淀提供了适宜的物理条件，控矿断裂显示了张性特点，反映了容矿断裂在成矿期自由度相对较大，处于一种扩张的环境之内。金矿形成于中生代这一特定的构造环境之中。  相似文献   

多频测深初探   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

苏发  何继善  温佩琳 《物探与化探》1994,18(2):131-135

在频率域测深的基础上,提出了多频测深方法,实现一机多频同时观测的目的,以提高观测速度。本文讨论了多频观测方法的理论依据及工作特点,并提示实现这种观测的方案。  相似文献   

感潮河流准动态水质回荡模型的研究          下载免费PDF全文

胡昌新 《水科学进展》1994,5(4):280-286

根据感潮河流的水流特性,研制了准动态水质回荡模型,并利用相似的皮尔逊-Ⅲ型分布曲线对其进行求解,提出了模型参数的计算方法。该模型适用于可降解有机污染物浓度的分布变化分析,经黄浦江干流氨氮浓度资料验证,成果比较满意。  相似文献   

钱塘江涌潮简析与预报   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

周黔生 《水文》1994,(6):12-16

根据１９９１年观测资料，仑前潮位站出现涌潮１８４次，涌潮次数多少与江道地形变迁及上游下泄流量大小有关。涌潮高度在１．２－２．２ｍ之间，与涨潮潮差成正比。涌潮潮时预报方法有传播时间法和隔日滞后时间法。涌潮高度的预报，可根据当天涌潮高度预测后一天涌潮高度，也可根据下游站的涌潮高度预报上游站的涌潮高度。  相似文献